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{| style="float: right; clear: right; background-color: transparent"|-|{{Infobox Military Conflict|conflict=Battle of Palmito Ranch|image=|caption=|partof=the American Civil War – [May 13, 1865|result=[Confederate States of America victory|combatant1=United States of America|commander1=[Theodore H. Barrett|strength1=Detachments from the:
62nd U.S. Colored Infantry Regiment, 2nd Texas Cavalry Regiment, 34th Indiana Volunteer Infantry|strength2=Detachments from:
Gidding's Regiment, Anderson's Battalion of Cavalry, and other Confederate units and Southern sympathizers|casualties1=118 killed and wounded|casualties2=few dozen wounded|-->|-||}

The Battle of Palmito Ranch, also known as the Battle of Palmito Hill, was fought on [May 12 – May 13, 1865, during the American Civil War. In the kaleidoscope of events following the surrender of Robert E. Lee's army on April 9, Palmito Ranch was nearly ignored. It was the last major clash of arms in the war.

Background Early in 1865, both sides in Texas made a gentlemen's agreement that there was no point to further hostilities. By that time, most Union Army troops had pulled out from Texas for campaigns in the east. The Confederates sought to protect their remaining ports for cotton sales to Europe, as well as importation of supplies. Mexico tended to side with the Confederates due to a lucrative smuggling trade.

Why the needless battle even happened remains something of a mystery—perhaps Union Colonel (United States) Theodore H. Barrett had political aspirations. Neither local exports of cotton nor Mexican smuggling had a significant effect on the war.

Barrett certainly had very little military experience. It has since been suggested that he had seen little to no combat during the war, and felt to bolster his political desires after the war, he needed to establish a reputation as a war hero, possibly reasoning that most of the opposing candidates he would likely later face during an election would most likely be former military men.

Battle Barrett instructed Lieutenant Colonel (United States) David Branson to attack the rebel encampment at Brazos Santiago Depot near Fort Brown outside Brownsville, Texas, commanded by Confederate States Army Major (United States) John Salmon Ford.

Union forces marched upriver from Brazos Santiago to attack the Confederate encampment, and were at first successful, due to the Confederates being under the understanding that hostilities had ceased. However, after some confusion and bitter fighting, the Union forces were then driven back by a relief Confederate force. The next day, the Union forces attacked again, and again to initial success and later failure. Ultimately, the Union force retreated to the coast.

There were 118 Union casualties. Confederate casualties were "a few dozen" wounded, none killed. Like the war's first big battle at First Bull Run, which also yielded little gain for either side, the battle is recorded as a Confederate victory. Texas armies formally surrendered on May 26, 1865; Confederate general Kirby Smith surrendered his forces in the Trans-Mississippi Department on June 2.

Private John J. Williams (soldier) of the 34th Regiment Indiana Infantry was the last man killed at the Battle at Palmito Ranch, and probably the last combat casualty of the war. Fighting in the battle were white, African, Hispanic and native troops. Reports of shots from the Mexican side are unverified, though many witnesses reported firing from the Mexican shore.

References

{| style="float: right; clear: right; background-color: transparent"|-|{{Infobox Military Conflict|conflict=Battle of Palmito Ranch|image=|caption=|partof=the American Civil War – [May 13, 1865|result=[Confederate States of America victory|combatant1=United States of America|commander1=[Theodore H. Barrett|strength1=Detachments from the:
62nd U.S. Colored Infantry Regiment, 2nd Texas Cavalry Regiment, 34th Indiana Volunteer Infantry|strength2=Detachments from:
Gidding's Regiment, Anderson's Battalion of Cavalry, and other Confederate units and Southern sympathizers|casualties1=118 killed and wounded|casualties2=few dozen wounded|-->|-||}

The Battle of Palmito Ranch, also known as the Battle of Palmito Hill, was fought on [May 12 – May 13, 1865, during the American Civil War. In the kaleidoscope of events following the surrender of Robert E. Lee's army on April 9, Palmito Ranch was nearly ignored. It was the last major clash of arms in the war.

Background Early in 1865, both sides in Texas made a gentlemen's agreement that there was no point to further hostilities. By that time, most Union Army troops had pulled out from Texas for campaigns in the east. The Confederates sought to protect their remaining ports for cotton sales to Europe, as well as importation of supplies. Mexico tended to side with the Confederates due to a lucrative smuggling trade.

Why the needless battle even happened remains something of a mystery—perhaps Union Colonel (United States) Theodore H. Barrett had political aspirations. Neither local exports of cotton nor Mexican smuggling had a significant effect on the war.

Barrett certainly had very little military experience. It has since been suggested that he had seen little to no combat during the war, and felt to bolster his political desires after the war, he needed to establish a reputation as a war hero, possibly reasoning that most of the opposing candidates he would likely later face during an election would most likely be former military men.

Battle Barrett instructed Lieutenant Colonel (United States) David Branson to attack the rebel encampment at Brazos Santiago Depot near Fort Brown outside Brownsville, Texas, commanded by Confederate States Army Major (United States) John Salmon Ford.

Union forces marched upriver from Brazos Santiago to attack the Confederate encampment, and were at first successful, due to the Confederates being under the understanding that hostilities had ceased. However, after some confusion and bitter fighting, the Union forces were then driven back by a relief Confederate force. The next day, the Union forces attacked again, and again to initial success and later failure. Ultimately, the Union force retreated to the coast.

There were 118 Union casualties. Confederate casualties were "a few dozen" wounded, none killed. Like the war's first big battle at First Bull Run, which also yielded little gain for either side, the battle is recorded as a Confederate victory. Texas armies formally surrendered on May 26, 1865; Confederate general Kirby Smith surrendered his forces in the Trans-Mississippi Department on June 2.

Private John J. Williams (soldier) of the 34th Regiment Indiana Infantry was the last man killed at the Battle at Palmito Ranch, and probably the last combat casualty of the war. Fighting in the battle were white, African, Hispanic and native troops. Reports of shots from the Mexican side are unverified, though many witnesses reported firing from the Mexican shore.

References

Battle of Palmito Ranch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Battle of Palmito Ranch, also known as the Battle of Palmito Hill and the Battle of Palmeto Ranch, was fought on May 12 – May 13, 1865, during the American Civil War.

Battle of Palmito Ranch
BATTLE OF PALMITO RANCH. Did you know? The last land battle of the Civil War took place at Palmito Ranch near Brownsville, Texas, more than a month after General Robert E.

Palmito Ranch, the Last Battle of the Civil War
The 62nd Regiment U.S. Colored Infantry. Example of a broken gentlemen's agreement.

The Battle of Palmito Ranch
Palo Alto Battlefield National Historic Site LowerRio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge

Battle Of Palmito Ranch
Battles And Campaigns - 1865. Battle Of Palmito Ranch "The Last Battle Of The War" May 12 - 13, 1865. The war was ending quietly in the far south of Texas.

INEX: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Battle of Palmito Ranch)
The American Civil War Battle of Palmito Ranch was fought on May 12 – May 13 , 1865 , and in the kaleidoscope of events following the surrender of Robert E.

Last American Civil War battle ever. Battle of Palmito Ranch.
Battle of Palmito Ranch. What was the last Civil War battle ever in America? LAST AMERICAN CIVIL WAR BATTLE THE LONGEST LIST OF THE LONGEST STUFF AT THE LONGEST DOMAIN NAME AT LONG ...

Palmito Ranch Battlefield - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Palmito Ranch Battlefield preserves the location of the last major battle of the American Civil War. Fought near Brownsville, Texas, the Battle of Palmito Ranch was a victory ...

Battery B, 4th U.S. Light Artillery - The Battle of Palmito Ranch
The Battle of Palmito Ranch ... The Battle of Palmito Ranch: The Last Battle of the War By Leanna S. Biles

Amazon.com: The Final Fury: Palmito Ranch, the Last Battle of the ...
Amazon.com: The Final Fury: Palmito Ranch, the Last Battle of the Civil War: Phillip Thomas Tucker: Books